cognitive discrepancy theory

The dissonance theory forms the basis of the assimilation theory. Self-Discrepancy: A Theory Relating Self and Affect If the discrepancy between the idea proposed by the speaker and the audience’s viewpoint is too great, then the likelihood of persuasion decreases dramatically. et al. the particular belief incompatibility (e.g., cognitive dissonance, imbalance) and thus are or are not likely to respond in terms of the psychological situation associated with it. The results provide further credence to cognitive discrepancy theory, suggesting that depressive symptoms influence cognitive processes, interfering with judgments about the adequacy of social interaction. Theory Cognitive Social cognitive theory is a psychological perspective on human functioning that emphasizes the critical role played by the social environment on motivation, learning, and self-regulation (Schunk & Usher, 2019).Because there are different social cognitive theoretical perspectives, to focus this article the discussion is limited to the social cognitive … In this study, research participants were asked to spend an hour completing boring tasks (for example, repeatedly loading spools onto a tray). Cognitive Dissonance Theory. Gender schema theory is a cognitively based theory that uses an information processing approach to explain how gender development occurs. Another example is the smoker who knows very well that nicotine causes lung cancer but takes puff after puff anyway to ease anxiety in the moment—and then feels a sense of shame and guilt. Cognitive consistency is the agreement, coherence, or fit among related beliefs. The humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers proposed that incongruence between the self as experienced and the ideal self is a source of human suffering. parison on the part of an individual. The present study explored self-discrepancies in self-confidence in relation to performance and cognitive anxiety. 3 24 1. This research intersected two self theories: self-discrepancy theory and objective self-awareness theory. The self-guide serves as a standard to which the individual may aspire. (2009) suggest keeping the term dissonance for the state and refer to cognitive discrepancy for the triggering situation. (1968), Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance mixed several kinds of discrepancies together, although there was a tendency to emphasize the gap between expected and actual states of affairs. The humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers proposed that incongruence between the self as experienced and the ideal self is a source of human suffering. By Saul McLeod, updated Feb 05, 2018. Their interest is aroused by any situation which appears "too simple" to them. This is shown in the function stack. Increasing cognitive sophistication is the platform that allows for the rapid multiplication of selves during adolescence (cognitive developmental perspective: ... dissonance: Festinger 1957; self-discrepancy theory: Higgins 1987). If there is a discrepancy Ideal Self: the mental image of the kind of person you would like to be In 1957, Leon Festinger proposed another theory for understanding how persuasion functions. Cognitive dissonance: Fifty years of a classic theory. The model emerged in the early 1970s … Self-discrepancy theory is well known to influence motivation, self-esteem, and performance (Higgins, 1989; Strauman, 1996; Boldero et al., 2005; Phillips, 2005). The theory is attributed to Tory Higgins (1987) who explained the concept of self-guides against which individuals compare their present self. cognitive behavioral treatment model. absence of social reinforcement, cognitive theorists emphasize the perception of a discrepancy between desired and achieved social contacts, and psychody-namically oriented theorists such as Weiss and Sullivan focus on the lack of need fulfillment. Cognitive dissonance burst onto the academic scene in 1957, but its roots can be traced back to the influence that Kurt Lewin had on Leon Festinger.Lewin was a proponent of field theory as the lens through which to view human behavior (Lewin, 1951).Lewin emphasized the dynamic forces that push and pull at people as they navigate their social world, and this provided … Cognitive dissonance theory (Festinger, 1957) is often considered to be one of the most influential theories in social psychology. Conflict, decision, and dissonance. When the child experiences cognitive conflict (a discrepancy between what the child believes the state of the world to be and what s/he is experiencing) adaptation is achieved A review of cognitive dissonance theory, which also includes a thorough discussion of competing theories. This study Finally, consumer behavior, particularly in the form of consumption, has the potential to reduce the self-discrepancy. First, Carroll's theory includes g (global or general ability) at stratum III and the Cattell-Horn theory does not, as these theorists disagreed over the existence of an overarching intellectual ability. As with assimilation theory, the 95 consumers will tend to assimilate or adjust differences in perceptions about product performance to bring it in line with prior expectations but only if the discrepancy is relatively small. Self-discrepancy theory was postulated by Higgins (1987) to distinguish between the various self-states proposed by sociology, psychology, and even philosophy.

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