the mere exposure effect provides one possible explanation for

This is one of the first studies, as far as we know, to show that it is possible to obtain mere exposure effects in a single study phase where items are repeated either consecutively or spaced. In particular, mere exposure effects were obtained only for spaced items, that is, items that were repeated with a number of intervening items in between. 1987).

Mental models are imperfect, but useful. One of the reasons why proximity affects attraction is because it fosters familiarity; individuals are more drawn to what they are acquainted with.
One explanation for the effects of deindividuation in groups is that groups A. make people more inhibited. The Mere Exposure Effect; Denominator Neglect; The Baader-Meinhof Phenomenon . It is one of the cognitive biases of the human brain.

it is still not possible for it to be more likely that she is a bank teller and a feminist than that she is a bank teller. influence the margin of electoral victory. The second study sought to provide a more direct test of the mere exposure hypothesis by verifying that controlled exposure to new consumer products would enhance their attractiveness. Repeatedly presented stimuli are affectively evaluated more positively than novel stimuli. problems. The mere exposure effect provides one possible explanation for why _____ increases attraction. However, for the negative or threatened stimuli, the literature is insufficient and controversial. However, it is still unclear in which part of advertising images the mere exposure effect occurs.

_____ involves strong components of sexuality and infatuation, and is often predominant in the early part of a love relationship. Explanations of the mere exposure effect It has long been recognized that for advertisers to influence and enhance mere exposure effects it is important to understand how they are thought to arise. To this end, Janiszewski (1993) argues that when brand names and stimuli form part of the sensory environment, but are not part of the information . This suggests that recall was not in fl uenced by mere exposure to images during from ENG JUI at İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University recollect the initial exposure. Correct: Sarah and Marge will become close friends. The fact that the effect was shown only for other-race faces in the present study is consistent with Bornstein's (1993) finding that other-race mere exposure effects were more than 50% larger than own-race effects in his meta-analysis of 8 other-race and 24-own-race effects as well as with a recent study by Smith, et al., (2007), which found no . In the present research, we conceptually replicate Körner et al. In the present research, we conceptually replicate Körner et al. Changing behavior.
This article provides evidence that mere exposure effects persist when initial exposures to brand names and product packages are incidental, devoid of any intentional effort to process the brand information. A possible explanation of our results would be based on the mere exposure effect (Zajonc, 1968). In sum, the evidence for a truth effect and a mere-exposure effect in homogeneous lists is rather weak. Philip Kitcher and Wesley Salmon have suggested that there are two possible alternatives among philosophical theories of explanation. The importance of music in our daily life has given rise to an increased number of studies addressing the brain regions involved in its appreciation. There also is a generalized mere-exposure effect shown in a preference for stimuli that are similar to those that have been seen before. The fundamental premise of the model is that repeated exposure to a stimulus will result in a representation of the stimulus in memory. The mere exposure effect (MEE) in which new stimuli are rated more likable after repeated exposure (Zajonc, 1968) has been reported to exist in several modalities including visual (Bornstein, 1989), auditory (Heingartner and Hall, 1974, Szpunar et al., 2004), olfactory (Balogh and Porter, 1986, Prescott et al., 2008) and somatosensory stimuli . (2019) and use the same methods and materials, with one crucial exception: We use other training and test stimuli in order to differentiate between a) mere exposure effects (i.e. Mere-exposure effect The tendency to prefer stimuli that have been seen before over novel ones. However, this does not work if two people dislike each other . Mere Exposure Effect. As a result, experts say that "the mere exposure effect provides one possible explanation for why proximity increases attraction." Subliminal Exposure. The familiarity principle, also known as the "mere exposure effect," was first described by Zajonc . Two possible reasons for this effect fall under the rubric of feature familiarity: One possibility is that Uncorrelated pre-exposure increased perceptual fluency with the stimulus features (e.g., Conroy et al., 2005), providing an advantage in encoding and remembering the dimension values. A misattribution explanation for the mere exposure effect posits that individuals misattribute perceptual fluency to liking when they are not aware that the fluency comes from prior exposure. The mere exposure effect is a phenomenon where repeatedly presented stimuli are evaluated more positively than novel stimuli. Robert Zajonc has a rather simple explanation, "the mere repeated exposure of an individual to a stimulus object enhances his/her attitude toward it" (Zajonc, 1968, p.1). It is typically found after. Background Zajonc showed that the attitude towards stimuli that one had been previously exposed to is more positive than towards novel stimuli. (2019) and use the same methods and materials, with one crucial exception: We use other training and test stimuli in order to differentiate between a) mere exposure effects (i.e. When reading for evaluation, readers adopt additional goals of problem detection, problem di-agnosis, and searching for strategies to fix the problems (Hayes et al. (1983a, 1983b; Seamon et al., 1995) of-fered an explanation of the mere exposure effect that is Indeed, one study that used a homogeneous test list failed to find a mere-exposure effect (Zajonc, Swap, Harrison, & Roberts, 1971). These results These findings illuminate flaws in the design of the two- also expand explanation literature, which has tended toward group analysis of Phase I, specifically that mere exposure to examining effects of self-explanation, most often in science peer papers was the only common bond among the nested and math. These goals This brief review suggests that, while modified two-factor theory provides a robust explanation of results in the area of repetition effects and mere exposure where respondents have ample opportunity to consciously process the stimuli being repeated, PF/M theory may provide a more appealing model when deeper processing of stimuli is impeded . For example, Lee (1994) showed that mere exposure effects are not always eliminated when subjects are given an alternative explanation for perceptual fluency (Lee, 1994), and Bornstein (1989 . Mere exposure effect.

A. proximity 71. The effect is common with visual and auditory (sound) information. This inference is demonstrated experimentally by Bornstein and D'Agostino (1992), where the authors dem-onstrate that, holding the number of exposures constant, the the identical words were trained), b) structural mere exposure effects, and c) training effects on .

Such behavior occurs with words, songs, faces, shapes, and so on. One is the view that scientific explanation consists in the unification of broad bodies of phenomena under a minimal number of generalizations. The Mere-Measurement Effect 2 Abstract Recent research has demonstrated that merely measuring an individual's purchase intentions changes their subsequent behavior in the market. Another possibility could be that students learn from reading for evaluation. Likewise, the typical procedure for mere-exposure studies uses test lists of old and new stimuli. Another explanation of the mere exposure effect states that, through repeated presentation of music to a listener, he or she will form implicit expectations about the musical development through internalising musical patterns and schemata (Huron, 2006). Research on the MEE is sparse, however, for other sensory modalities. Aggression-replacement programs are most likely to advise parents to avoid a. modeling violence b. the other-race effect c. the mere exposure effect d. implicit prejudice. Hence, repeated exposure of a stimulus increases perceptual fluency, which in turn increases the likelihood of misattribution to preference for stimulus. A . One possible explanation suggests that interim testing informs learners about the format of an upcoming test and consequently allows them to adopt study .

(Bornstein and D'Agostino, 1994).The mere exposure effect can provide an account for, different cultural preferences seen in society. role in the mere exposure effect, it is possible that the mere exposure effect does not occur for commercial products when advertising images consist of a . Explanation.

The mere exposure effect can take place even if the stimulus is not Since the seminal study of Zajonc (), more than 200 articles have been published on the mere exposure effect (Monahan, Murphy, & Zajonc, 2000).Early studies of this effect focused upon identifying the relationship between exposure and affect from the viewpoint of . Another method of developing an affective attitude is instrumental (operant) conditioning, which is the well-known psychological theory of rewards and . This provides an explanation to why the central route is more likely to be taken in processing the speech. The first is that measuring general intentions increases the salience of thoughts about engaging in the general behavior, which in turn increases the salience of thoughts about the names or labels of specific options in the choice set. Affective models of the mere exposure effect propose that repeated exposure to a stimulus increases the positive affect or reduces the negative affect toward the stimulus, whereas recent cognitive . A phenomenon (plural, phenomena) is a general result that has been observed reliably in systematic empirical research.In essence, it is an established answer to a research question. Boredom as a limiting condition on the mere exposure effect. brief, repeated . A second possibility is that this group acquired . It is possible that one, several, or all of these explanations lead to the mere-measurement effect.

According to the mere exposure effect, if my husband and I were provided a selection of lamps to review it is likely we would demonstrate a preference for a similar style of decorative lamp. You do not always need a positive response . This required that the consumer products were initially unfamiliar to participants, and therefore exposure frequency could be completely under experimental control. Simply being in the presence of someone or being exposed to them on a regular basis enhances our chances of being attracted to them. influence the margin of electoral victory. This phenomenon is called the "mere" exposure effect, because a person merely needs to see or . The Effects of Mere Exposure on Liking for Edible Substances. Drawing on well-documented halo effects of attractiveness on character-based inferences and the extensive literature on mere exposure effects, we re-organize Olivola and Todorov's analysis into a simple path model to explore the causal ordering of these factors. Merely exposing a person to a stimulus is a sufficient condition to increase one's liking of that stimulus, whether it be a person, a song, or a shoe. any reinforcement, tends to enhance liking of that stimulus. then proximity obviously amplifies disgust for one another. Two possible reasons for this effect fall under the rubric of feature familiarity: One possibility is that Uncorrelated pre-exposure increased perceptual fluency with the stimulus features (e.g., Conroy et al., 2005), providing an advantage in encoding and remembering the dimension values. recollect the initial exposure.

Morph A face or other image that has been transformed by a computer program so that it is a mixture of multiple . Drawing on well-documented halo effects of attractiveness on character-based inferences and the extensive literature on mere exposure effects, we re-organize Olivola and Todorov's analysis into a simple path model to explore the causal ordering of these factors. With a listening test and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment . (1987). Given the recent suggestion that attention plays an important role in the mere exposure effect, it is possible that the mere . Thus, mere exposure is unlikely to be a strong source of learning. According to this view, the (or perhaps, a) goal of science is to . the mere exposure effect provides one of the possible explanation for why proximity leads to liking based on research presented in the text, if you go out on a blind date you would be most influenced by your date's The mere exposure effect provides one possible explanation for why _____ increases attraction. After this exposure phase, subjects rated each of the juices in terms of their liking for its taste. The ambiguity effect is a cognitive bias where decision making is affected by a lack of information, or "ambiguity".

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